in this article we are going to explain the different approaches paying special attention to the critical period hypothesis. -the nativist approach, which was raised by noam chomsky, holds that children are biologically programmed for language, in the same way as they are for functions, for instance, figuring out how to walk. their inherent capacity enables them to become competent language users regardless of their learning environment. this hypothesis claims that there is a period of growth, from early childhood to adolescence, in which full native competence is possible when learning a language. the lateralisation process of the brain is it a complex and ongoing procedure that refers to the tendency for some cognitive processes to be more dominant in one hemisphere than the other. according to lenneberg this idea was concerned with the implicit “automatic acquisition” in immersion contexts and does not stop the possibility of learning a foreign language after adolescence, but with a lot more effort and typically less achievement.
genie had been locked in a dark room alone and tied up to a chair. her development was extremely delayed due to the abuse she experienced during her life. in fact, when the social workers found her they thought she was between five or six years old even though she was thirteen. despite learning about one hundred individual words, in her life she was never able to use grammar correctly or put the words together to make meaningful sentences. during her period in this hospital, some tests were done on her. her brain looked like the ones of children whose left hemispheres had been removed since her left hemisphere had been never used until they found her, so according to the critical period hypothesis, she lost her ability to learn any language. as a conclusion, due to the critical period hypothesis, genie mostly uses the right hemisphere of her brain because of the setback and inability to use the left hemisphere of her brain.
noam chomsky is a professor of linguistics at the massachusetts institute of technology. it does appear that young children have a much richer capacity to develop and to acquire many languages simultaneously than adults have. his thesis–which was pretty much everyone’s–was that language development was like other forms of growth and development. there’s a particular period of maturation in which, with external stimulation of the appropriate kind, the capacity will pretty suddenly develop and mature. there’s a critical period of human maturation during which the visual system develops binocular vision under normal circumstances–under deprivation, it won’t.
in experiments with animals, say cats and monkeys, it’s been shown that if they’re deprived of stimulation–if for example, a kitten doesn’t get patterned visual stimuli in the first several weeks of life–its capacity to develop vision is permanently damaged and the neural basis for it actually degenerates. but if pattern stimulation does appear at that time, then the kitten will develop normal vision. and it could be that there is a critical period for language acquisition, roughly from birth to around puberty, and that if you don’t learn language at that time, you’ll never learn it. if you have learned a language by that time, you will be able to learn more languages later, but probably in a different way, and maybe by connecting it to the languages that you do know. it’s just: this is the way you talk to your aunt, this is the way you talk to your father, and so on and so forth. it’s just like learning both english and japanese.
chomsky claimed that there was a critical period for language learning which was first proposed by eric lenneberg. he claimed, as cook newson (1996:301) the critical period hypothesis states that the first few years of life is the crucial time in which an individual can acquire a first language if presented with -the nativist approach, which was raised by noam chomsky, holds that children are biologically programmed for language, in the same way as they, critical period hypothesis example, critical period hypothesis example, critical period hypothesis age, lenneberg theory of language acquisition, critical period for language acquisition age.
along with chomsky, linguist eric lenneberg promoted the idea that language is innate, but developed a new idea: the critical period hypothesis. almost invariably, growth and development has what’s called a critical period. there’s a particular period of maturation in which, language is taken for granted. nearly every human can speak at least one. we seem to pick it up easily and rapidly throughout childhood., critical period hypothesis pdf, evidence against critical period hypothesis, critical period hypothesis slideshare, critical period hypothesis language acquisition, importance of critical period hypothesis, who came up with the critical period hypothesis, critical period psychology definition, lenneberg 1967, chomsky theory, critical period for second language acquisition.
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